THE MAURYAN EMPIRE
Sources:
·
Kautilya’s Arthasastra
·
Visakadatta’s Mudrarakshasa
·
Megasthenes’ Indica
·
Edicts of Asoka
·
Apart from these the Puranas and the Buddhist literature such as
Jatakas provide information on the Mauryas.
EMPEROR
Chandragupta Maurya (322 – 298 B.C.):
·
Chandragupta Maurya was the founder of the Mauryan
Empire.
·
He captured Pataliputra from the last ruler of the Nanda
dynasty, Dhanananda, in assistance of Kautilya, who was also known as Chanakya
or Vishnugupta.
·
In 305 B.C., he marched against Selukas Niketar, who
was Alexander’s General controlling the northwestern India.
·
Megasthenes was a Greek ambassador in
the Chandragupta Maurya’s court.
·
Chandragupta embraced Jainism towards the end
of his life and stepped down from the throne in favour of his son Bindusara.
Bindusara (298 – 273 B.C.):
·
Bindusara was called by the Greeks as
“Amitragatha” meaning slayer of enemies.
·
Taranatha, the Tibetan monk states that Bindusara conquered
16 states comprising ‘the land between the two seas’.
·
The Sangam Tamil literature confirms the Mauryan invasion of the
far south.
·
Bindusara received Deimachus as ambassador from
the Syrian king Antiochus I.
·
Bindusara appointed his son Asoka as the governor of Ujjain.
Asoka the Great (273 – 232 B.C.):
·
Ashoka acted as Governor of Ujjain and
also suppressed a revolt in Taxila during his father
Bindusara’s reign.
·
The most important event of Asoka’s reign was his victorious war
with Kalinga in 261 B.C.
·
Asoka embraced Buddhism under the influence of
Buddhist monk, Upagupta.
·
He sent a mission to Sri Lanka under his son Mahendra
and daughter Sangamitra.
·
Asoka convened the Third Buddhist Council at Pataliputra
in 240 B.C. in order to strengthen the Sangha. It was presided over
by Moggaliputta Tissa.
Note:
After the decline of the Mauryan empire Pushyamitra Sunga established the Sunga dynasty.
After the decline of the Mauryan empire Pushyamitra Sunga established the Sunga dynasty.
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