HISTORY NOTES: Governor General (PART-I) for RRB NTPC and SSC CHSL EXAM

Governor of Bengal

Clive (1757-60, 1765-67)

· First governor of Bengal become after Battle of Plasi (1757).

· Signed treaty of Allahabad (1765) with Shah Alam-II & get revenue collection rights of Bengal. Bihar & Orissa.

· White mutiny

· Introduced dual governance in Bengal.

· Clive Suicide in England.

Holwell: 1760

· (For a Small Period) He described ‘Blackhole’ moment.

Vensittart (1760 – 65):–

· At the time of Buxar war, he was the governor of Bengal

Verelust (1767 – 69):

· First Anglo – mysore war

Cartier (1769 – 72):

· Famine in Bengal (1770).

Governor general of Bengal

Warren Hastings (1772 – 85)( important)

Become governor of Bengal in 1772 & govt. general of Bengal in 1773 through the regulating Act. 1773.
Established revenue board in 1772
Father of Judicial services in India
Abolished dual system of governance.
Treaty of Banaras (1773) & Treaty of Faizabad (1775)
Founded the Asiatic society of Bengal with William Jones in 1784 in Calcutta
Divide Bengal into districts & appointed collectors.
Started Diwani & Faujdari Adalat at the district level and Sadar Diwani & nizamat adalats (appellate courts) at Calcutta.
Redefined Hindu & Muslim Laws. A translate of the code in Sanskrit appeared in 1776 under the title of “code of Gentoo laws”.

· 1^st Anglo – Maratha war (1775 – 80)

· 2^nd Anglo – Mysore war (1780 – 84)

· Burke “Introduced impeachment on warren Hastings” (only gov. general)

Lord Cornwallis (1786 – 93) (important)

First person to codified laws in 1793. Created post of District Judge.
Introduced of permanent settlement in Bengal called the father of civil services in India.

· Third Anglo – Mysore war (1790 – 92)

· समाधि(tomb) – Gazipur (only Govt. General)

Sir John Shore (1793 – 1798)

· Introduced the first charter Act.

· Follow policy of non – interfere against Mysore.

Lord Wellesley (1798 – 1805) (important)

Started Subsidiary Alliance system to achieve British Paramountcy in India. Madras Presidency was formed during his tenure.
Established Fort Willian College at Calcutta. For civil servants training in 1800.

· 4^th Anglo – Mysore war (1799)

· 2^nd Anglo – Maratha war (1803 – 04)

States who signed subsidiary Alliance:-

· Hyderabad (1798), Mysore (1799), Tanjore (1799), Aradh (1801), Peshwa (1802), Bhonsle (1803), Scindhia (1804)

Singned treaty of Basein (1802) with vajirao – II

· Called ‘Tiger of Bengal’

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